summer 1648 the rebels, that accumulated in the Nijinsky, Chernigov Regiment led faithful companions of Bogdan Khmelnitsky skilled warrior Prokop (or Protsyk) Shumeyko, surrounded Chernihiv. The town was burned, and gentry with their families and belongings in wooden castle zachynylasya ("Prison"). Rebel camp located outside the city. Social structure was very colorful shumeykivtsiv: pokozachene predominantly farmers, Budnik, nudity, Cossacks were few, boyarstva, Orthodox nobility, or simply vagrants, adventurers and booty. Among them we can see Ukrainian, Lithuanians (Belarusians), Poles, Vlachs, Tatars, Russians, German, Hungarians, Scots and others, Poles called their navolochchyu or rebelizantamy.

Rebels attacked furiously. До 6 July besieged repelled 5 assaults. The entire area around the castle was filled with corpses, which no one cleaned. The stench was unbearable. In prison silent gun - ended dust, Gentry reflected fire from rifles, will 26 July was their stronghold. However, the lack of dust, absolute advantage in the number of rebels led to the final regular - lock down. victor, which 26 July its wagon called himself "Colonel nizhynskym and chernihovskym troops ego Royal mercy Zaporozskoho", There Nijinsky as Colonel of the part of the troops headed Gomel, as evidenced by his letter to the Captain of Gomel 27 August 1648 year. The rest of the rebel forces vyokremylasya in Chernigov Regiment under the command of a Cossack regiment Bilotserkivskyi Gregory Booth, who led the Chernigov Regiment in August and December 1648 Dr.. In early October 1648 Dr.. T. Booth got on the wagon overhaul of Bogdan Khmelnitsky Regiment purely military units on the territorial-administrative and military structure, To be organized wealth to repel the enemy on the northwest border of the Cossack state.

In the XVIII century. Chernigov Regiment consisted of 16 hundreds (Любецька, Bilouska, Slabinsyka, Royska, Чернігівська, Vybelska, Седнівська, Gorodnyanskaya, Berezinskaya, Stolnenska, Syniavska, Manx, Kyselivska, Volyn, Sosnitsky, Ponornytska) and occupied the territory from Liubech to Radycheva from west to east and from Gornostaevka to Maxim from north to south. Most of its population 1724 Dr.. formed the Commonwealth, living in 8586 yards, them - Cossacks (7410 households). In general, the regiment was concentrated area 10% All households Hetman and 10% all Cossacks. Regimental Magdeburg city had full right and belonged to the so-called Bridge Magistrates. The city has a wooden castle housed the Moscow garrison, which at 1677 Dr.. was 207 soldiers and shooters with their families, armed with powerful artillery, Firearms (for comparison: Artillery Regiment as Chernihiv 1737 Dr.. had only 2 gun). In Chernihiv Chernihiv archbishop lived, that their status was the second, and sometimes the first, person in the church hierarchy Cossack state. Powerful petty family concentrated in the hands of civil, military, judiciary Regiment, accumulated considerable wealth, eg: 40 % Commonwealth owned Chernihiv colonel Polubotko and Lyzogub, allowing them to occupy the highest positions not only in the regiment, but in Hetman, build palaces and elegant church buildings. Experienced professionals in preparing for a long time only in its status institution Left-Bank Ukraine - Chernihiv College. The money and the elders of the church created such superb examples of art, a grand size, and on the artistic level, як-от: Elijah robe Virgin, poster "Dedykatsiya illustrious John Mazepa", six-foot sundial on the south wall of the church Elijah. In Chernihiv worked only in times of Hetman of Left Bank Ukraine stationary printing.

On the occasion of 370 anniversary of the Chernigov Regiment as part of the Ukrainian public to the 370 anniversary of the National Liberation War of Ukrainian people led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky Chernihiv Historical Museum. VV. Tarnovsky was created exhibition, which was represented by a number of original documents, particular:

Універсал Богдана Хмельницького від 3.05.1656 р., Chernihiv colonel addressed and burghers, to provide a mill on the river Bilous Cossack friend Anika Silichy. He will head a year Chernigov Regiment and personally sign the agreement on Pereyaslavskaya 15.10.1659 Dr.. and the act on election Hetman Yakima Somko. The document can be seen autograph great hetman and its state seal.

"Letter" the Chernihiv Colonel James from Lizogub 12.05.1688 Dr.. the mill town burghers Berezno Cossack colonel represents an attempt to alleviate the plight of the middle class serving national duties, after all Commonwealth and pettiness on Hetman bore the brunt of these obligations, as had privileges, have been set for the Cossacks Cossack state and clergy. The document is the signature of Colonel and his personal stamp-officer, who played the role of regimental. It shows a personal emblem official "Pursuit polish" (hand in armor holding a sword, above it - Cossack Cross) and the abbreviation of the name and office.

Will Chernihiv Colonel James from Lizogub 25.05.1698 Dr.. introduces the spiritual values ​​of modern man time, its religious outlook. Outlined circle of people, trusts that the testator to execute his last will: Chernigov elder Osip Iyevlevych, Chernigov policeman chieftain Martin Polovtsian, Chernigov pioneer, Chernigov Regiment digit mate Simon Yalynskaya. We see the signature and seal of the past. Combinations of military and religious symbols (шабля, arrow, crosses, серце) introduces us to the mysterious world of symbols and emblems Cossack Ukraine.

Letter Chernihiv colonel Paul from Polubotko 8.05.1713 Dr.. acquaints us with the social sphere of life. He informs Anne Zabily, representative of a powerful kind of Nijinsky elders, it can not come to the wedding of her daughter, Hetman after calling the campaign. Letter authenticated signature and official stamp Col. (shows a heart, cross pierced by two arrows, of heart - cross). It is interesting to look at the person autograph, яка, boronyachy autonomy Hetmanate, challenged himself to Peter and. It is clerk of Hetman Pavlo Polubotko formulated last article - the requirements of Ukrainian Cossacks to Moscow autocrat, which boronylysya contractual foundations of relations between Moscow and Ukraine. Polubotok for it was severely punished - thrown into the notorious fortress.

Military activity side shelf is represented in the registry bunchukove friends 1733 Dr.. - representatives of the higher strata of Cossack, defendants who were only Hetman. The document was drafted to serve their guard duty (exactly!), because they belong to the body, acting in the Russian army during the War of the Polish crown. The registry - the names of leading families Hetman, тобто, Unlike modern Ukraine, officers are not concealed by post, headline, estates, and honestly perform their military duties, small honor!

Plan and description of Chernigov centesimal Office 1781 р., by the way, it is interesting given that, that in a year will be abolished traditional way of Cossack Ukraine, its autonomous status, begin imperial era in its history. Outside the building looked like an ordinary Ukrainian house, constructed of wood, under a thatched roof, unless larger. Inside - were rooms Office, архіву, utility room with appropriate furniture, як-от: table, shops, chest. It was sacred, so to speak, Center centesimal life and times. It is usually kept major Cossack Regalia government - Flag, stamp or icon and hundreds.

The exhibition presented last wagon Cossack Hetman - Kyrylo Razumovsky - from 29.01.1762 Dr.. the appointment last Chernihiv colonel - Peter Miloradovich. As eloquently: Hetman last - the last Colonel… Two years later lose hetman mace, and Ukraine - Hetman institutions. Will begin the final stage of elimination of the Russian authorities distinctive Ukrainian statehood.

Interesting - the last line of Universal, which described the inauguration ceremony of Colonel. In the city Regiment arrived applicant and authorized by the General Military Chancellery person, to which regiment community read out the Imperial decree on appointment. A person becomes a full, Colonel valid only after the presentation of her regimental KLEYNOD, а саме, -pirnach and flag. The document states, that the legal bases of activity is the newly appointed Colonel imperial decrees, Little Russian Law (statute, Saxon and Procedure), hetman warrants. Universal seal sealed last Hetman, which poimenovana "of the National malorossyyskoy", indicating that efforts K. Razumovsky and thus protect the Ukrainian autonomy. At the press - autograph last Hetman Cossack Ukraine; sharp picture letters, with tilt, sweeping, indicating that excited, explosive, energetic and ambitious nature of the powers.

The exhibition shows the seal of the Chernigov Regiment has XVIII century. It differs significantly from its predecessors XVII century. It shows a crowned eagle odnoholovoho, holding in paw cross, along the rim - inscription: "MALOROSSIYSKAHO CHYERNYHOVSKOHO regiment POLKOVAYA PYECHAT". Before us - a consequence of equalization reforms of Peter in the field of heraldry, emblems and military prapornytstva: all - by, everything - a single imperial model. Cossack traditions in this country there was no place.

Senior Research Fellow

кандидат історичних наук Ігор Ситий